Saturday, October 17, 2009

Cancer Research: The Beginning

By Jason Myers

In 1938, the cancer scientist and researcher Paul Gerhardt Seeger, M.D., disclosed that the real cause of the cancerous degeneration of a cell is traced from from the damage of a specific respiratory enzyme, cytochrome oxidase. In other words, cancer in the cell is attributed to the disruption of oxygen utilization, or cell respiration.

Dr. Seeger carried out experimentations with hundreds of histo-chemical procedures in the Department of Cell and Virus Research in the Robert Koch Institute of Berlin, Germany. Later findings at Humbolt University in Berlin in 1956, after approximately ten years of work at Charite Hospital, corroborated his earlier research results of 1938. What Dr. Seeger discovered was that inactivation or damage of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase triggers a malfunction of the metabolism in the initial phases of energy generation in the mitochondria.

Mitochondria complete their function of generating energy thru an oxygen-requiring process called oxidative phosphorylation. Resulting from a series of biochemical reactions, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are chopped down into smaller units. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen are released along the way. The carbon dioxide, a form of toxic waste, is rapidly removed. The hydrogen ion is carried by the electron transport chain, eventually meeting up with molecular oxygen to form water. The energy generated from our food components is then stored in the form of a universal energy molecule called adenosine-triphosphate (ATP).

When the enzyme cytochrome oxidase is inactivated or extinguished, excess hydrogen piles up in the cell as oxidative phosphorylation comes to a stop. The cell still needs energy, however, and is forced to shift over to a low efficient way of energy synthesis that takes place in the surrounding cytoplasm. This results in the transformation of only about 20% of the possible energy that could be supplied, and only about a fifth of possible ATP storage. Low energy is generated for the cell's usage, and low energy is stored.

With the cell's main energy generators, syntheses now greatly diminished, laying down the foundation for cancerous degeneration. Any issues involving the operation and functioning of the mitochondria have a bad implication on all energy-requiring functions of our body. More than just the cell in which the malfunctioning mitochondria is located can be affected, the lowered vitality can also have on impact on other organs, or even the body as a whole.

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